TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY EDUCATION FOR MEDIATION IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/gsip2025.01.167Keywords:
mediation, mediation process, mediation tools, future specialists, preschool education, primary education, professional activity, preschoolers, primary school studentsAbstract
The article presents a study of the problem of training future specialists in preschool and primary education to carry out mediation in professional activities. Its relevance is stipulated by the requirements for educators and primary school teachers contained in the standards of training of applicants for the first (bachelor's) and second (master's) levels of higher education, professional standards and the need to prevent and resolve conflicts between preschoolers, primary schoolchildren, parents and colleagues. The author describes the stages of the mediation process, which include: introduction, outlining the role of the mediator, adoption of ground rules; continuous and complete telling of each party's story and expression of their own feelings; formulation of questions by the parties to each other to discuss the problem in the situation that has arisen; offering by the parties of options for effective solutions; agreement of the participants to one or more solutions, which is certified by a written agreement signed by the parties and the mediator. The author identifies specific tools of mediation involving children of preschool and primary school age: visualization, game and communication tools. Examples of visualization tools for mediation are given: cards that reflect emotions; a colour scale of emotions in the form of a rainbow or a mood flower; creating a story in drawings. Role-playing and theatrical activities are described as game-based mediation tools. It is noted that the communication tools of mediation are the use of the ‘subject of speech’ rule and the ‘I-message’ technique, the creation of a code of peace. It is determined that during the study in higher education institutions, in order to prepare future specialists in preschool and primary education for mediation in professional activities, it is necessary to promote the qualitative mastery of theoretical knowledge in the field of conflict resolution, as well as practice in implementing mediation tools and analysing their strengths and weaknesses.
References
Bilyk N. M. Sotsialno-pedahohichna tekhnolohiia mediatorstva u vyrishenni konfliktiv mizh molodshymy pidlitkamy [Socio-pedagogical technology of mediation in conflict resolution between younger adolescents] : dys. … kand. ped. nauk (doktora filosofii) : 13.00.05 / Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University; National Pedagogical Drahomanov University; Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Kyiv, 2017. 288 p. (In Ukrainian).
Hladun L., Zharkova I. Emotsiinyi intelekt ta yoho formuvannia v starshoho doshkilnyka zasobamy teatralizovanoi diialnosti [Emotional intelligence and its formation in senior preschoolers by means of theatrical activity]. Naukovyi visnyk Vinnytskoi akademii bezperervnoi osvity. Seriia «Pedahohika. Psykholohiia». Odesa : Helvetyka, 2023. vol. 4. pp. 9–16. URL: https://doi.org/10.32782/academ-ped.psyh-2023-4.02 (in Ukrainian).
Dushkova H., Ilikchiieva K., Prokopchuk M. Mediatsiia – instrument efektyvnoho rozviazannia shkilnoho konfliktu [Emotsiinyi intelekt ta yoho formuvannia v starshoho doshkilnyka zasobamy teatralizovanoi diialnosti]. Vyshcha shkola advokatury NAAU : vebsait. 2021. URL: https://www.hsa.org.ua/blog/mediatsiya-instrument-efektyvnogo-rozv-yazannya-shkilnogo-konfliktu (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia profesiinoho standartu «Vykhovatel zakladu doshkilnoi osvity»: Nakaz Ministerstva ekonomiky Ukrainy № 755-21 vid 19.10.2021 r. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/npa/pro-zatverdzhennya-profesijnogo-standartu-vihovatel-zakladu-doshkilnoyi-osviti (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia profesiinoho standartu za profesiiamy «Vchytel pochatkovykh klasiv zakladu zahalnoi serednoi osvity», «Vchytel zakladu zahalnoi serednoi osvity», «Vchytel z pochatkovoi osvity (z dyplomom molodshoho spetsialista)»: Nakaz Ministerstva rozvytku ekonomiky, torhivli ta silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy № 2736-20 від 23.12.2020 r. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v2736915-20#Text (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia standartu vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 012 «Doshkilna osvita» dlia pershoho (bakalavrskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity: Nakaz Ministerstva osvity i nauky Ukrainy № 1456 vid 21.11.2019 r. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/static-objects/mon/sites/1/vishcha-osvita/zatverdzeni%20standarty/2021/07/28/012-Doshk.osvita-bakalavr.28.07.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia standartu vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 012 «Doshkilna osvita» dlia druhoho (mahisterskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity: Nakaz Ministerstva osvity i nauky Ukrainy № 572 vid 29.04.2020 r. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/static-objects/mon/sites/1/vyshcha/standarty/2020/05/2020-zatverd-standart-012-m.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia standartu vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 013 Pochatkova osvita dlia pershoho (bakalavrskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity: Nakaz Ministerstva osvity i nauky Ukrainy № 357 vid 23.03.2021 r. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/static-objects/mon/sites/1/vishcha-osvita/zatverdzeni%20standarty/2021/07/28/013-Pochatk.osvita-bakalavr.28.07.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Pro zatverdzhennia standartu vyshchoi osvity zi spetsialnosti 013 Pochatkova osvita dlia druhoho (mahisterskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity: Nakaz Ministerstva osvity i nauky Ukrainy № 480 vid 08.04.2024 r. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/static-objects/mon/sites/1/vishcha-osvita/zatverdzeni%20standarty/2024/08.04.2024/013.Pochatkova.osvita-mahistr-480.vid%2008.04.2024.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Rudenskyi R., Pysarchuk O. Realizatsiia fasylitatsiinoho pidkhodu u formuvanni piznavalnoi aktyvnosti zdobuvachiv doshkilnoi ta pochatkovoi osvity [Implementation of the facilitation approach in the formation of cognitive activity of preschool and primary education students]. Humanitarni studii: istoriia ta pedahohika. 2024. vol. 1(7). pp. 79–89. URL: https://doi.org/10.35774/gsip2024.01.79 (in Ukrainian).
Buzala O. Školská mediácia ako spôsob riešenia medziľudských sporov a konfliktov. Sociálno-zdravotnícke spektrum. Social Health Spectrum. 2021. 11. p. URL: https://www.szspektrum.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Buzala_2.pdf (in Slovak).
Lawrence E. Conflict Resolution and Peer Mediation in Primary Schools. Mediation in context / Liebmann M. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000. pp. 53–68 (In English).
Popovič Ju., Shyshak A. Resolving online conflicts of primary school students through school mediation. Acta educationis. Kraków : Avalon Sp. z o.o., 2024. No. 8. pp. 22–39 (in English).
Vaňová M. S. Úloha školského psychológa pri príprave a supervízii rovesníckych mediátorov v základnej škole. Školský psychológ/Školní psycholog. 2019. № 20(2). pp. 34–49. URL: https://journals.muni.cz/skolnipsycholog/article/view/13096/11333 (in Slovak).