HUMANITARIAN STUDIES: HISTORY AND PEDAGOGY

FIREPLACE AS A HISTORICAL INDICATOR OF CLIMATE CHANGE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEATING TECHNOLOGIES IN LATE MEDIEVAL AND EARLY MODERN EUROPE

Taras BATENKO — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the historical development of heating technologies in the context of climate changes in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. The study of fireplaces, blast furnaces, and cast-iron plates, which served as primitive radiators, traces how societies adapted to the climatic challenges of the Little Ice Age. Prolonged deviations in average temperatures during this period triggered changes in heating methods, including the modernization of wall fireplaces, the introduction of hydraulic hammers, and the advancement of blast furnaces powered by hydraulic energy. These innovations enabled Europeans to produce cast-iron fireplace and stove plates for supplementary heating.

Special attention is given to early types of fireplaces, whose designs evolved from open hearths located at the center of rooms to corner and wall fireplaces typical of medieval castles. The emergence of fireplaces placed against a house's central supporting wall, equipped with chimneys and hoods, marked a significant scientific and technical breakthrough in medieval Europe. These fireplaces could be constructed on multiple levels within castles and abbeys, showcasing the engineering innovations of the era.

The research is based on historical accounts, archaeological evidence, and textual sources, including works by French historians. Archival documents from the 15th–16th centuries describe the development of heating technologies, including the reconstruction and repair of fireplaces in castles and abbeys.

The article emphasizes the use of «proxy» data for reconstructing climate changes and their impact on socio-economic development. The analysis of material culture, particularly fireplaces and stoves, offers new perspectives for studying climatic trends and their implications for daily life, technology, and architecture of the period.

ESTABLISHMENT OF GERMAN-UKRAINIAN RELATIONS AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE UKRAINIAN REVOLUTION (1917–1921)

Іhor DATSKIV — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the international relations of Ukraine in the initial period of the national-democratic struggle of 1917–1918. The prerequisites for Ukraine's rapprochement with Germany at the end of World War I are determined. The features of relations between Germany and the governments of the Ukrainian Central Powers are analyzed, and the political influence of Germany on the formation and development of Ukrainian statehood is also revealed. Special attention is paid to the participation of the Ukrainian delegation in the Brest-Litovsk negotiations and the conclusion of the peace treaty with the Central Powers. Our article examines the economic aspects of German-Ukrainian relations, which had a significant impact on the foreign policy orientation of Berlin and Kyiv and became an important factor during negotiations and the signing of international acts. The work of Ukrainian diplomatic missions and trade missions aimed at supporting the development of the Ukrainian economy and meeting needs is considered. The impact of the international political situation on relations between Germany and Ukraine is analyzed. It is emphasized that the main success of Ukraine, thanks to economic agreements, was the preservation of state independence, entry into the international arena and the continuation of liberation struggles in the future.

CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL AND CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES OF THE GREEK-CATHOLIC CHURCH IN EASTERN GALICIA IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD

Ivan ZULYAK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of the study is to analyze the key areas of cultural, educational and charitable activities of the Greek Catholic Church during the period when Eastern Galicia was part of the Polish Republic. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, scientificity, objectivity, and systematicity. General scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-systemic) methods were used. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive study and analysis of the stated topic, which makes it possible to clarify the main directions of cultural, educational, charitable activities of the Greek-Catholic clergy of Eastern Galicia in the interwar period. Conclusions. The clergy of the GCC actively participated in the organization of cultural and educational processes, organized support measures for the needy population in Eastern Galicia. A powerful educational work was carried out by the congregation of the Order of St. Basil the Great (OSGV) and the Sisters Servants of the Immaculate Virgin Mary (SSIM), who took care of the work of «burial grounds», schools and generally helped parishioners. The priests used their own funds to establish schools with Ukrainian as the language of instruction, provide financial assistance to talented children, and participate in the work of the «Ridna Shkola» and «Prosvita» societies. Such institutions were popular among Ukrainians who wanted to preserve their national identity. The clergy traditionally created religious brotherhoods in communities that had different themes. Each pastor reported on their functioning and membership at deanery councils. Metropolitan A. Sheptytsky initiated the opening of the Ukrainian National Museum in Lviv, which in the interwar period became a center for the preservation of unique cultural artifacts, served as a cultural center, and was a symbol of the preservation of Ukrainian national identity.

The article shows the participation of the Metropolitan and clergy of the GCC in the context of the Church's implementation of social protection measures for Ukrainians. The forms and mechanisms of the Church's charitable work are identified. The content of the work of the «Diocesan Help» society, the Ukrainian Committee for the Unemployed and the Poor, and the Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Orphanage is highlighted. A. Sheptytsky's charitable activity was a significant factor in the existence of various formats of Ukrainian organizations and served as a worthy example for the clergy and believers.

THE ACTIVITY OF UKRAINIANS IN THE VIENNESE PARLIAMENT AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM THE NEWSPAPER «RUSLAN»)

Ivan ZULYAK, Stepan PRYIDUN — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the political activity of Ukrainian deputies in the Viennese Parliament at the end of the 19th century based on materials from the newspaper «Ruslan». Key aspects of their parliamentary engagement are analyzed, including participation in legislative initiatives, the struggle for the expansion of rights for the Ukrainian population of Galicia, and resistance to political and socio-economic challenges. Particular attention is given to issues related to the electoral process, manifestations of administrative pressure, and repressive measures taken by the authorities against Ukrainian deputies and their supporters.

The study is based on publications from «Ruslan», which reflected political rhetoric, parliamentary debates, and assessments of the activities of Ukrainian parliamentarians. The main directions of their work in parliament and their influence on the formation of national-political discourse are identified.

THE ROLE OF THE GREEK CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT IN EASTERN GALICIA (1920S–1930S): AN ANALYSIS OF MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

Andrii KLISH, Yuliana SHYNKARYK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The role of the Greek Catholic Church in the development of the cooperative movement in Eastern Galicia in the 1920s–1930s is examined through the lens of modern Ukrainian historiography. Key approaches of scholars to analyzing the socio-economic, cultural, and educational activities of the clergy within the cooperative movement are reviewed.

The participation of the clergy in establishing cooperatives, providing organizational support, and promoting educational initiatives aimed at ensuring the economic self-sufficiency of the Ukrainian population is highlighted. The positions of prominent church leaders, particularly Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, on the cooperative movement are detailed. The unique aspects of the church's collaboration with Ukrainian cooperative organizations under conditions of Polish national discrimination are revealed.

The impact of cooperatives supported by the Greek Catholic Church on the socio-economic advancement of the region is demonstrated. The cultural and educational role of the clergy in disseminating the cooperative idea and engaging diverse segments of the population in this movement is explored.

Emphasis is placed on the importance of further investigations into local dimensions of cooperative activities and comparative analyses of Galicia's experience with that of other European regions. Future research opportunities are outlined in the context of integrating the economic, social, and ideological dimensions of the cooperative movement into historiographical discourse.

YEVHEN OLESNYTSKYI – THE GUIDE OF THE UKRAINIAN PEASANTRY

Inna MARKIV, Oksana HOMOTUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The peculiarities of the functioning of the «Silskyi Hospodar» society from its foundation to reorganization have been tracked. The circumstances of the leadership of the society by Y. Olesnytskyi in 1909 and its reconstruction on new foundations as a representative institution of the Ukrainian peasantry are analyzed. The role of the first agricultural exhibition in Eastern Galicia in the reformation of «Silskyi Hospodar» is shown. The new tasks of the institution's activities and prospects for the development of the institution, proposed by its head Y. Olesnytskyi, were studied.

Emphasis is placed on the facts of the «Silskyi Hospodar» receiving state subsidies as financial compensation for Galician-Ukrainian peasants for unfair international trade agreements. The main aspects of the activity of the association headed by Y. Olesnytskyi in the direction of reorganization of animal husbandry, agriculture, rivers regulation, etc. have been determined. The work of the «Silskyi Hospodar» in providing Galician-Ukrainian peasants with means of production, fodder, seeds, as well as measures for the sale of agricultural products, was studied.

The effectiveness of the institution is shown through its implementation of such management functions as control and accounting of the activities of branches, careful management of records, improvement of the charter, provision of a clear organizational and administrative structure, cooperation with other state economic organizations, etc. The plans of the chairman of the «Silskyi Hospodar» association Y. Olesnytskyi for the post-war economic reconstruction of the region have been recorded.

DEFENSIVE BATTLES OF THE UPR ARMY IN THE PODILLIA IN THE SUMMER OF 1920

Serhiy OLIINYK , Olena STEFANYSHYN — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article highlights the defensive battles of the UPR army in Podillia in July 1920 based on the use of various sources and scientific literature. This page of national history is an important component of the study of the events leading up to the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917-1921 and has great importance for creating an objective and holistic picture of it. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The use of methods such as analysis, synthesis, as well as problematic and chronological, systematic, descriptive, statistical and comparative, made it possible to achieve the goal.

The above-mentioned events did not receive proper coverage in historiography, and were sometimes subjected to falsification and distortion, which, of course, is an important motivating factor for their development. Scientific works of national historians have done a lot in this regard. However, the existing scientific heritage does not allow for a holistic disclosure and presentation of the events related to the defensive battles of the UPR army in Podillia in the summer of 1920.

Important attention is paid to clarifying the military and political conditions in which the UPR army found itself during this period, and the factors that contributed or did not contribute to the effective confrontation of Ukrainian units with the Red Army forces are revealed. An attempt is made to determine the composition of the warring parties, their numbers, weapons, etc. The author traces in chronological sequence the combat path of the UPR army in Podillia during the summer of 1920: 1) 1-12 June, when units of the UPR army were involved in the initial phase of confrontation with the Soviet offensive that began on 26 May; 2) 13 June-13 July, defensive battles during the retreat to the Zbruch River; 3) 14-26 July, defense along the Zbruch River.

There is an attempt to analyse in detail the entire range of defensive and counter-offensive actions carried out by the Ukrainian army. In addition, their specificity is determined in accordance with the three stages of the summer defensive battles that took place in Podillia in 1920. The results and consequences of the combat operations are also noted. The attempt is made to analyse them not only at the tactical but also at the strategic level. Special attention is drawn to examples of military skill, courage and heroism displayed by soldiers and commanders of the UPR army during defensive battles in Podillia in the summer of 1920

ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATION DURING THE SOVIET-GERMAN WAR: CHALLENGES AND ADAPTATION (USING THE EXAMPLE OF KREMENECH REGION)

Іryna SKAKALSKA, Andrii LEVCHUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article highlights the state of development of education during the years of German occupation using the example of the functioning of schools in the Kremenets region (1941–1944). Emphasis is placed on the fact that the Nazi occupation policy was based on the Nazi ideological doctrine of the colonial destiny of Eastern Europe, therefore the authorities allowed only primary public schools to be opened and generally supported the development of vocational education, which was aimed at training workers for the industry and agriculture of the Third Reich.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of the establishment of the educational process during the Soviet-German war using the example of the Kremenets region, while identifying the main challenges faced by teachers and students, and outlining what contributed to the formation of civic competence of young people in the conditions of wartime hardship.

An analysis of the activities of Ukrainian schools during the study period was conducted, which shows that the community, despite the lack of teachers, textbooks, insufficient material resources and difficult conditions for teachers, and low salaries, managed to create a network of primary and vocational schools in the Kremenets district. We found that a significant challenge for educational institutions was the lack of funding, which led to the cessation of school activities. The way out of the situation was the organization of cooperatives at schools based on charitable and membership contributions. The activities of the cooperative at the Kremenets vocational trade school, which provided teachers and students with stationery and food, were exemplary.

In the publication, the authors emphasized the importance of the activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN(Revolutionary) in schooling, in particular its efforts to develop Ukrainian education and culture with national content. Underground classes on national education were held at a forest school in Bilokrynytsia, Kremenets district. In fact, this contributed to the formation of civic qualities in young people.

It is concluded that the Nazi occupation authorities in the field of schooling in Kremenets, District Commissariat of Ukraine, carried out a strict colonial policy, which was aimed at providing Ukrainians with only primary and vocational education. The study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of the war on the educational process in the current conditions of martial law in Ukraine.

The article uses documents and materials from the Kremenets Museum of Local Lore and the State Archives of Ternopil Region.

UKRAINIAN COSSACK ARMED FORCES: STAGE OF FORMATION AND DECLINE

Mykhailo YURIY, Nazar KHRISTAN — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The Ukrainian Cossack armed forces as a purely military formation consisted of land forces and a naval fleet. According to the system of staffing units, their material and technical support, monetary and material maintenance of personnel, as well as the way the Cossacks served, the armed forces of the Zaporozhian Army were not a regular army. However, they were not a situationally convened militia of civilians. In fact, the Ukrainian Cossack armed forces were a military-hierarchical formation staffed on a corporate basis from among the recognized Cossacks, professional soldiers who were accepted into service as volunteers or mobilized by order of the Zaporozhian authorities. The structure of military units and the number of their personnel changed depending on the specific military-political situation, on the availability of human and material resources that the Zaporozhian authorities could use, and also depending onspecific military-political situation, the availability of human and material resources that the Zaporozhian authorities could use, and also depending on the combat missions that the army had to perform. Despite the lack of unification in this area, it was constant that in the Cossack armed forces the main tactical formation remained the regiment, the number of personnel of which ranged from several hundred to several thousand soldiers. The practice of participation of the Cossack army in combat operations during various military campaigns confirmed the generally quite high reliability of the military command system and the organizational structure of the military units of the Zaporozhian Army.

ARTISTIC ACHIEVEMENT OF KAROL (LUKASH) HUBEL IN LIUBESHIV PIARIST CHURCH OF SAINT JOHN THE EVANGELIST IN VOLYN 60s XVIII CENTURY

Ruslana SHERETIUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the little-studied issue in domestic humanities of the artistic achievement of the outstanding artist of late Baroque (middle – second half of the XVIII century), the monk of the Roman Catholic order of Piarists Karol (Lukash) Hubel. He spent the whole his creative life in the Liubeshiv Order Center in Volyn, actively establishing the artistic visions of western European art. It is argued, that since the Liubeshiv Piarist Church was destroyed during the Soviet era, the unique paintings of Karol Hubel were also lost. That is why, it is justified to explore his artistic heritage in more detail. The research methodology is based on the general scientific principles of analysis and synthesis, systematization, and generalization. At the same time, it relies on special scientific methods, namely on problem-thematic, chronological, art history, as well as systemic and structural. The scientific novelty of the studio lies in the exploration of the artistic acquisition of the order of Piarists in Volyn, in particular, returning from forgetfulness the name of a famous artist Karol (Lukash) Hubel, understanding his creative work, and significance in the context of the development of Ukrainian culture.

It is revealed, that monumental painting by Karol (Lukash) Hubel in Church of St. John the Evangelist in Liubeshiv, Volyn, take a special place in his creative heritage. Here, taking into account the entire artistic arsenal of the late Baroque era, wall fresco compositions were created by him, as well as picturesque altars and decorative images of illusionistic niches. It is characterized, that they had delicacy, originality of plots, perfect technical implementation, naturalness and harmony in the interpretation of figures, dramatic pathos, depth of religious feelings, as well as unique coloristic. By the scale of work, that was done, and artistic skills, the monumental painting of the Church of St. John the Evangelist, executed by Karol Hubel, during the 60s XVIII century, became a pearl of European late Baroque art. It is concluded, that the artistic achievements of Karol (Lukash) Hubel in the Church of St. John the Evangelist in Liubeshiv became a great contribution to the artistic activity of the Order of Piarists in Volyn, a brilliant manifestation of the artistic achievements of the late Baroque era and at the same time – an invaluable acquisition of Ukrainian culture.

THE POTENTIAL OF PEDAGOGICAL VOLUNTEERING IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Anna BYHAR — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this article, through theoretical analysis of scientific research, regulatory documents, methodological literature, and programme-methodological support of the educational process in higher education institutions, issues related to the preparation of future primary school teachers for educational activities have been identified: the goals of professional teacher training lack a focus on forming the foundational elements of a personal-professional educator’s stance; the content and technologies for preparing future primary school teachers for educational activities are presented fragmentarily in educational programs, with minimal coverage; the requirements for professional training outcomes in the field of education, as outlined in the professional standards for positions like “Primary School Teacher of General Secondary Education,” “Secondary Education Teacher,” and “Primary Education Teacher (with a junior specialist diploma)” need specification and clarification based on real-world educational practices, employer requirements, and up-to-date knowledge of the contemporary child's world.

This article aims to theoretically study various volunteer practices in modern society and identify the potential of voluntary activities for future primary school teachers to gain educational experience. It is argued that, in such a situation, attention should be paid to various ways of integrating formal and non-formal education, which involve voluntary, independent, conscious, professionally oriented student activity in extracurricular activities, particularly in professional volunteer work. It has been established that professional volunteer work involves a transition from academic-cognitive to independent professional activities, serving as a means of student self-realisation and, under appropriate conditions, developing professional competences.

Pedagogical volunteering is considered a voluntary activity involving students' voluntary and unpaid participation in addressing, educating, and teaching children. It is generalised that pedagogical volunteering, as a means of preparing future primary school teachers for educational activities, includes voluntary educational activities by student-teachers with children in extracurricular time through independently developed educational projects created considering the student cohort, sociocultural conditions, and resources of social partners.

PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AT THE CORE OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS OF SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES

Oleksandra BONDARENKO — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article highlights the main psychological, philosophical and educational concepts that are utilized in combination at the core of modern educational systems of Scandinavian countries. The countries under study, faced with migration flows, with an aging population, introduce comprehensive strategies and reforms related to changes in curricula, paying special attention to ensuring the quality of education, including the sphere of personal development. The relevance of the article is linked to studying the experience of developed countries, among which Scandinavian ones, using various methods and modern technologies in education, taking into account the pedagogical potential of philosophical and psychological findings. It is stated that the key aspects underlying the system of education in the education systems under study are the harmonious development of the personality of a learner, the formation of interpersonal interaction skills and democratic citizenship, which creates favorable conditions for both the intellectual and social development of students, and also contributes to their formation as autonomous and mature individuals. The scientific and pedagogical basis for building the educational process in secondary and higher education Scandinavian countries is based on a complex of the recognition theory (covers three vital components of identity formation – self-confidence, self-respect and self-esteem, and is based on the presumption of a common community in which identity is formed, projected, built and understood); the concept of Bildung (i.e., general humanistically oriented education, which takes into account a person's desire for constant self-development, self-improvement as an immanent essence of the individual); empowerment pedagogy (provides a basis for the development of abilities that contribute to a decent life, the realization of personal potential and serves as a tool for conceptualizing inequality (lack of abilities or deprivation of favorable conditions for the manifestation of abilities) and well-being; transformative pedagogy (enables students to critically analyze different contexts of their life activities, beliefs, values, knowledge and attitudes in order to create favorable conditions for self-knowledge and self-improvement).

STUDENT GROUP AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL ATTITUDES

Olena VASYLENKO, Inna MARTYNIUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article describes the peculiarities of the influence of the student group on the formation of students' educational and professional attitudes. It has been found that the formation of students' learning motivation and educational and professional attitudes largely depends on the level of development of the group to which they belong. It has been established that in the student's age there is an active formation of the personality of the future specialist and a significant role in this is played not only by the content of education, but also by the student environment, that is, the student group, which has a socialising and educational effect on the student's personality. A student group is a primary, small group officially established in a higher education institution, which is determined by the needs of management. It has been emphasised that the nature of the development and acquisition of professional competences by a student largely depends on the level of development of the student group to which he or she belongs. It is found that the higher the level of development of the group, the stronger its influence on the individual student. It is established that the knowledge-based approach, which is based on the need to provide students with only professional knowledge and the formation of their skills and abilities, leads to a certain neglect of the problem of the formation of the personality of a specialist within a student group, and does not pay due attention to the development of their professional potential and the formation of educational and professional attitudes. It has been found that an attitude is a state of readiness, a predisposition of an individual to a certain activity or action in a certain situation, determined by past experience. It performs a variety of functions, the main ones being: the function of the nature of the course of stable activity, which allows maintaining its focus in rapidly changing situations; the function of freeing a person from the need to make decisions and control the course of activity in standard situations; the function of inertia of activity, which makes it difficult to adapt to new situations. Educational and professional attitudes are defined as an effective factor in the formation of a future specialist, so the formation of educational and professional attitudes is an important factor that ensures the development of his or her personal qualities and moral values. It is established that interaction in a student group determines the paradigm of professional communication of students and is a factor in the formation of their educational and professional attitudes. It is proposed to use the potential of student groups and active teaching methods in the development of students' learning motivation and educational and professional attitudes.

TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY EDUCATION FOR MEDIATION IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Andriana SHYSHAK, Rostyslav RUDENSKYI, Oleksandr HOMOTIUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents a study of the problem of training future specialists in preschool and primary education to carry out mediation in professional activities. Its relevance is stipulated by the requirements for educators and primary school teachers contained in the standards of training of applicants for the first (bachelor's) and second (master's) levels of higher education, professional standards and the need to prevent and resolve conflicts between preschoolers, primary schoolchildren, parents and colleagues. The author describes the stages of the mediation process, which include: introduction, outlining the role of the mediator, adoption of ground rules; continuous and complete telling of each party's story and expression of their own feelings; formulation of questions by the parties to each other to discuss the problem in the situation that has arisen; offering by the parties of options for effective solutions; agreement of the participants to one or more solutions, which is certified by a written agreement signed by the parties and the mediator. The author identifies specific tools of mediation involving children of preschool and primary school age: visualization, game and communication tools. Examples of visualization tools for mediation are given: cards that reflect emotions; a colour scale of emotions in the form of a rainbow or a mood flower; creating a story in drawings. Role-playing and theatrical activities are described as game-based mediation tools. It is noted that the communication tools of mediation are the use of the ‘subject of speech’ rule and the ‘I-message’ technique, the creation of a code of peace. It is determined that during the study in higher education institutions, in order to prepare future specialists in preschool and primary education for mediation in professional activities, it is necessary to promote the qualitative mastery of theoretical knowledge in the field of conflict resolution, as well as practice in implementing mediation tools and analysing their strengths and weaknesses.

METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL TOLERANCE OF FUTURE VOCATIONAL TEACHERS BY MEANS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION

Andrii DIDUR — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The main goal of the modern educational system is seen as the development of a multifaceted personality, aware of the depth of relationships between objects of reality and various concepts, based on developed critical thinking and aesthetic culture. Among the main goals of professional pedagogical education, a significant role is given to the formation of pedagogical tolerance, which, in addition to the formation of basic skills, involves mastering competencies in recognizing the value and demonstrating respect for intersubject differentiation, refusing coercion and the desire to change the environment according to one's own model. The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological features of the formation of pedagogical tolerance of future teachers of professional education by means of interdisciplinary integration. The article considers the concept of the formation of interdisciplinary connections, which has the functionality of an integrated approach to the development of pedagogical tolerance. It is established that the studied process requires the formation of a stable skill of adequate mutual understanding in students, the desire to democratize relations with participants in the professional communication process. It is emphasized that interdisciplinary integration projects are important educational tools of the pedagogical strategy for the formation of life skills, including tolerance and professional ethics. It is substantiated that the modern educational space requires teachers to pay special attention to the concept of a culture of tolerance, to find ways to develop it, and to develop and adapt innovative technologies and methods. It has been proven that the effective use of the potential of integrated classes contributes to the optimization of cognitive activity, the advancement of critical thinking and the sustainable development of an aesthetic worldview, which in synergy ensures the successful formation of pedagogical tolerance in the process of obtaining professional pedagogical education.

PREPARATION OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR INTERACTION WITH YOUNGER PUPILS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF PARTNERSHIP PEDAGOGY

Iryna PITS — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Pedagogical interaction in the classroom, as a process of partnership interaction between primary school teachers and pupils, is a reciprocal process. Therefore, it is crucial to prepare future teachers for such interaction. The aim of the article is to reveal the heoretical foundations of preparing future primary school teachers for interaction with younger pupils based on the principles of partnership pedagogy. Pedagogical partnership is considered as an effective form of pedagogical interaction, based on the ideas of equality, trust, openness, and responsibility. It is established that partnership simultaneously directs participants to seek agreement, achieve consensus, and understand the interdependence of the subjects involved in the interaction.

An authorial definition of the concept "interaction between primary school teachers and younger pupils based on the principles of partnership pedagogy" is provided, which is understood as relationships based on the ideas of cooperation, pedagogical support, and equal partnership in the teacher-child dyad, realised through joint pedagogical activities aimed at creating conditions for the child's successful self-realisation, personal growth, motivation for learning, preserving physical and mental health, and social adaptation. It is summarised that pedagogical interaction between primary school teachers and younger pupils is a creative process, largely dependent on the personal attitudes and professionalism of the interaction participants. At the same time, establishing productive interaction requires a certain algorithm based on planning work to establish contacts with younger pupils, identifying socio-pedagogical problems of both pupils and teachers, and assessing the results of teachers' interaction with younger pupils in a specific activity and solving particular pupil problems.

It is argued that in preparing future teachers for interaction based on partnership pedagogy, special attention is given to person-centred technologies (humanistic-personal, cooperation, and free education). It is concluded that a systematic organisation of the preparation of future primary school teachers for interaction with younger pupils based on partnership pedagogy involves: enhancing the content of general pedagogical training with themes and issues related to the theory and practice of partnership pedagogy; differentiation, individualisation, and personalisation of the educational process, applying modern pedagogical technologies built on situational and interactive approaches; focusing on interaction with younger pupils during periods of practical training.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE ECONOMISTS IN VOCATIONAL ECONOMIC COLLEGES

Pavlo TKACHENKO — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the modern integrated labor resources market, professional competence is positioned by the basis of effective professional realization, by combining the most important competencies and personal qualities. The urgency of the problem is that traditional methodological approaches in the modern educational process, against the background of the dynamics of global global trends, require transformation in the context of a competent approach and require upgrading the content of professional competencies in the process of learning in economic colleges.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of the formation of professional competence of economists in the process of training in professional economic colleges.

The study substantiates the structural features of the professional competence of future economists, which synergizes personal and professional components. It is proved that important functionality is performed by motivation, activity and cognitive components, as well as reflection. The priority areas of transformation of the educational process in professional colleges on the formation of communication, digital and intercultural competence of future economists in the process of study in professional colleges are determined. The study stipulates that the need for the content of the content of the phenomenon of professional competence is conditioned by the specific requirements of modern socio-economic conditions for the professional qualities of a specialist of economic profile.

The key principles of the multidisciplinary approach to the educational process are characterized. The importance of improving and developing the personal competencies of the economist is established: digital literacy, critical thinking, intercultural communication skills. The need for further development of the study of psychological and pedagogical prerequisites for the competence development of economists in professional colleges is substantiated.

TRANSFORMATION OF NURSE PRACTICE AND NURSING EDUCATION: TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Dmytro FILIPIUK , Rostyslav SMORSHCHOK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Healthcare is undergoing a profound transformation due to a combination of factors that have significantly increased the demand for nursing services. The article examines the dynamic trends shaping the nursing career, identifies the challenges faced by nurses in the changing healthcare environment, highlights the opportunities for nursing education and professional development, and the global impact of knowledge sharing in this profession. The main trends of the future in nursing are outlined: telemedicine revolutionizes patient care; artificial intelligence-based healthcare; data analysis and informatics in nursing; integration of holistic care and personalized medicine; cultural and communication competence. In summary, the future of nursing is marked by several key points: nurses play an important role in patient care, advocacy and education; nursing through increased specialization, integration of technology and greater emphasis on patient-centered care; nurses address the challenges of an aging population, workforce shortages and infectious disease outbreaks; the future of nursing depends on collaboration, knowledge sharing and best practices among nurses around the world.

Taking into account the development trends and challenges for nursing identified in the article, future trends are considered: systematic updating of curricula based on new healthcare challenges ˗˗ pandemics and health crises; formation of competencies in innovative areas (informatics, telemedicine); active use of simulation, realistic clinical scenarios in a safe environment; online learning and virtual classrooms; popularization of mentoring programs. It has been established that nursing education is constantly changing. Didactic methods used in other fields can be useful in bridging the gap between theoretical learning and the reality of practical nursing. The quality of nursing education affects nurses' ability to care for patients and use advanced technologies, which contributes to teamwork efficiency, understanding of health policy, ability to analyze information to make critical decisions, and ensuring equity in health care.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR EFFECTIVE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT

Marianna SHVARDAK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article addresses the pressing issue of using information systems as a key tool for organizing and supporting management processes in general secondary education institutions. It presents an overview of the theoretical foundations of information system functionality in the educational field, highlighting their main advantages and functional purposes in the context of digitalization. Particular attention is paid to the capabilities of digital technologies in data storage and processing, administrative activity optimization, increased transparency, and providing open access to information for all participants in the educational process.

The aim of the article is to characterize the information systems applied in the educational sphere and analyze their significance for the organization and support of management processes in educational institutions. The article provides an analysis of modern information systems implemented in domestic educational practice, including AIKOM2, ISUO, EDEBO, EvaluEd, among others. Their functional capabilities are revealed, particularly in data collection, processing and analysis related to staffing, the educational process, financial reporting, document management, and tools for monitoring the quality of education. These systems are identified as providing analytical support for decision-making, integrating the activities of various institutional departments, and enhancing management effectiveness.

The article emphasizes that the implementation of such systems is a significant step toward creating an effective digital education management ecosystem. It highlights the potential of information systems to improve strategic planning mechanisms, increase the quality of management decisions, and enable responsive adaptation to changes in the internal and external environment of educational institutions. It is noted that the use of information systems enables the formation of a unified information space that supports communication among all participants in the educational process–administration, teachers, students, parents, and education authorities.

The need for further research into the functional characteristics of educational IT solutions is stressed, aiming to refine educational management models in the context of digital transformation. Effective implementation of management information systems promotes the development of open, flexible, and result-oriented governance in educational institutions, ensuring improved quality of managerial decisions, strategic planning, and internal control.

PREPARING FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION OF YOUNGER STUDENTS

Krystyna SHEVCHUK — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Environmental protection is a global issue of our time, directly affecting the survival of humanity. The intensification of the environmental threat on a global scale has made the issues of environmental education for schoolchildren particularly urgent. This article summarises that the development of environmental culture among schoolchildren is built on integrating three interrelated processes – environmental education, environmental upbringing, and environmental enlightenment. Environmental education is an integral part of general education, aimed at forming students' system of ecological knowledge, skills, and competences, reflecting the relationship between humans, nature, and society. Environmental enlightenment involves spreading ecological knowledge and promoting information about nature conservation and the rational use of natural resources. Environmental upbringing is focused on developing spiritual qualities that foster a responsible and caring attitude towards nature. Environmental education, upbringing, and enlightenment are directed towards harmonising human-environment relations and addressing numerous environmental issues. Therefore, it is essential to prepare teachers methodologically for implementing environmental education. The methodological basis for preparing future teachers for the environmental education of primary school students includes traditional ethical principles, global principles of sustainable development, and professional ethics principles for teachers. It is generalised that environmental education and enlightenment of future primary school teachers play a crucial role in their ecological training, as the effective assimilation of ecological knowledge and values by schoolchildren occurs at the primary school age, a time characterised by emotional sensitivity, vulnerability, curiosity, and high motivation for learning and engaging in various socially beneficial (including environmental) activities, given their age and psychological traits. The goal of ecological training for students in pedagogical fields is defined as the formation of eco-pedagogical literacy, equipping future primary school teachers with basic ecological knowledge, ethical-ecological values, pedagogical attitudes, environmental behaviour skills, and methods for ensuring the environmental focus of the educational process, which collectively contribute to preparing future teachers for environmental education of young pupils.

Review of the monograph Russia's War Against Ukraine: Paradoxes Through the Looking Glass (Essayistic Reflections)

Lesya BILOVUS — Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Review of the monograph Russia's War Against Ukraine: Paradoxes Through the Looking Glass (Essayistic Reflections)